Ultrasonic Frequency Range and Applications: A Scientific Guide
Low-Frequency Range (17kHz–28kHz)
Characteristics: Long wavelengths generate large, uneven cavitation bubbles with high collapse energy, enabling aggressive mechanical action.
Key Applications:
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20kHz–25kHz:
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Wastewater treatment (degradation of organic pollutants, algae inhibition/removal).
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Dispersion of large-particle powders (e.g., ceramics, composites).
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Emulsion extraction and hard-to-degrade organic substance treatment (e.g., PFAS, dyes).
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28kHz:
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Heavy-duty cleaning (rust, grease, carbonized deposits in industrial parts).
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Pretreatment of metallurgical samples or mechanical components.
Mid-Frequency Range (33kHz–40kHz)
Characteristics: Balanced bubble density and collapse force, offering versatility for routine lab and industrial use.
Key Applications:
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33kHz–38kHz:
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Standard lab glassware cleaning (e.g., beakers, pipettes).
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Catalysis acceleration and solvent degassing.
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Homogenization of suspensions (e.g., cell cultures, nanomaterials).
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40kHz:
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General-purpose commercial/household cleaning (jewelry, electronics).
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Intermediate precision tasks (PCB cleaning, medical instrument sterilization).
High-Frequency Range (68kHz–200kHz)
Characteristics: Short wavelengths produce dense, uniform microbubbles with gentle collapse forces, minimizing surface damage.
Key Applications:
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68kHz–80kHz:
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Microstructure cleaning (fuel injectors, MEMS devices).
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Penetration of micron-scale blind holes (e.g., 3D-printed parts).
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120kHz–200kHz:
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